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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 73(6): 1323-1333, Nov.-Dec. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1355677

ABSTRACT

Morphological and cytochemical studies of peripheral blood cells of fish have improved the understanding of their functions and cell types. The present study performed the Morphological and cytochemical analysis of the peripheral blood of Prochilodus lineatus, Characiform native to South America, which has been gaining space in local aquaculture and as a species introduced in Asia. Our analysis provided information on the morphological and cytochemical characteristics of the leukocytes, for the formulation of hypothesis about their role in the immune system of the species. It was found that Prochilodus lineatus has morphological and cytochemical features in common with other fish species, mainly of the Characiformes order. However, we detected the presence of heterophils and PAS positive granulocytes simultaneously with neutrophils. We also found that heterophils and PAS positive granulocytes are very similar, both morphologically and cytochemically.(AU)


O estudo da morfologia e da citoquímica das células do sangue periférico dos peixes tem sido eficaz para o entendimento de suas funções e dos tipos celulares. Este estudo realizou a análise morfológica e citoquímica do sangue periférico de Prochilodus lineatus, caracídeo nativo da América do Sul que vem ganhando espaço na aquicultura local e como espécie introduzida na Ásia. Essa análise forneceu informações sobre a morfologia e as características citoquímicas dos leucócitos, visando a hipóteses sobre suas funções. Verificou-se que estas são semelhantes em vários aspectos a outras espécies, principalmente da ordem Characiformes. No entanto, neste estudo detectou-se a presença dos heterofilos e da célula granulocítica especial, simultaneamente à presença dos neutrófilos. Ainda, foi verificado que os heterofilos e a célula granulocítica especial são muito semelhantes morfológica e citoquimicamente.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Characiformes/blood , Neutrophils/cytology , Blood Chemical Analysis/veterinary , Histocytochemistry/veterinary
2.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 63: e20190082, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132155

ABSTRACT

Abstract Ocotea porosa (Nees & Mart.) Barroso, commonly known as "imbuia", "canela-imbuia" or "imbuia-amarela" in Brazil, is a tree of the Southern Atlantic Forest. The present study investigates the anatomy of leaf and stem, volatile oil chemistry, as well as cytotoxicity and insecticidal activities of the essential oil of O. porosa. Species identification was achieved by anatomy features, mainly due to paracytic and anomocytic stomata; non-glandular trichomes; biconvex midrib and petiole with a collateral open arc vascular bundle; presence of a sclerenchymatous layer, starch grains and crystal sand in the stem; and the presence of phenolic compounds in the epidermis, phloem and xylem of the midrib, petiole and stem. The main volatile components of the essential oil were α-pinene (19.71%), β-pinene (13.86%) and bicyclogermacrene (24.62%). Cytotoxicity against human cancer cell (MCF-7), mouse cancer cell (B16F10) and mouse non-tumoral cell (McCoy) was observed as well as insecticidal activity of the essential oil against susceptible 'Ft. Dix' bed bugs (Cimex lectularius L.) by topical application.


Subject(s)
Bedbugs , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Ocotea/anatomy & histology , Ocotea/chemistry , Insecticides/pharmacology , Toxicity Tests , Plant Stems/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Histocytochemistry
3.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 63: e20180717, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132172

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the anatomy and histochemistry of Mollinedia clavigera leaves and stems through photonic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Noteworthy features of leaves were: presence of paracytic stomata on both surfaces; simple as well as bifurcate non-glandular trichomes; prismatic calcium oxalate crystals; flat-convex midrib with a central and two dorsal bundles; concave-convex petiole with a single vascular bundle in open archh. Stems were cylindrical and showed prismatic and styloid crystals in the pith. Histochemical analysis detected lipophilic and phenolic compounds, starch grains and lignified elements such as brachysclereids and fibers. These features may assist in future identifications and quality control of M. clavigera, avoid misidentification between other genus members, once species and genus studies are scarce.


Subject(s)
Plant Leaves/anatomy & histology , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Monimiaceae/anatomy & histology , Monimiaceae/chemistry , Trichomes/anatomy & histology , Trichomes/chemistry , Brazil , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Plant Leaves/cytology , Monimiaceae/cytology , Trichomes/cytology , Histocytochemistry
4.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 36(3): 378-383, jun. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013796

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La derivación ventrículo-peritoneal (DVP) es el tratamiento para la hidrocefalia. El líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) se evalúa para el manejo de sus complicaciones; sin embargo, la información de los valores del citoquímico en esta población es insuficiente. Objetivo: Describir las características del citoquímico del LCR de niños en manejo con DVP. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de tipo observacional descriptivo, desarrollado en Bogotá (Colombia), entre el año 2008 y 2016. Se revisaron los registros de procedimientos de DVP y relacionados. Se incluyeron pacientes entre 6 meses y 18 años de edad. Resultados: Se revisaron 285 registros e ingresaron 31 muestras. Los valores de LCR fueron, respectivamente, para la mediana y al percentil 90%: leucocitos totales: 0 y 7 céls/mm3, neutrófilos: 0 y 6,8 céls/mm3, linfocitos: 0 y 2 céls/mm3, proteínas: 13,4 y 67,2 mg/dL, glucosa: 59 y 27,4 mg/dL. Discusión: Los valores de glucosa presentan un rango normal hacia el extremo inferior más amplio, con valores de proteínas mayores a los valores esperados. El rango de celularidad es la variable que presenta menor variación. Conclusiones: Los valores del citoquímico de LCR en paciente con DVP no son equiparables a los de la población sana y deben interpretarse según las características propias de esta población.


Background: The ventriculo-peritoneal shunt (VPS) is the treatment for hydrocephalus, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is evaluated for the management of its complications; however, information on the values of the cytochemistry in this population is insufficient. Aim: To describe the characteristics of the CSF cytochemistry of children in VPS management. Methods: Descriptive observational study, developed in Bogotá (Colombia), from 2008 to 2016. VPS and related procedures records were reviewed. Patients between 6 months and 18 years were included. Results: A total of 285 records were reviewed, 31 samples were entered. The CSF values were, respectively, for the median and 90% percentile: total leukocytes: 0 and 7 cells/mm3, neutrophils: 0 and 6.8 cells/mm3, lymphocytes: 0 and 2 cells/mm3, proteins: 13.4 and 67.2 mg/dL, glucose: 59 and 27.4 mg/dL. Discussion: Glucose values evinced a normal rank towards the widest inferior limit with protein values exceeding the values expected. Cellularity is the variable with the lowest variation. Conclusions: The values of the CSF cytochemistry in patients with VPS are not comparable to those of the healthy population and should be interpreted according to the characteristics of this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Cerebrospinal Fluid/chemistry , Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins/analysis , Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt , Histocytochemistry/standards , Cerebrospinal Fluid/cytology , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Glucose/cerebrospinal fluid , Leukocytes
5.
Acta cir. bras ; 34(4): e201900406, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001085

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the inflammatory reaction and measure the content of mucins, in the colonic mucosa without fecal stream submit to intervention with mesalazine. Methods: Twenty-four rats were submitted to a left colostomy and a distal mucous fistula and divided into two groups according to euthanasia to be performed two or four weeks. Each group was divided into two subgroups according daily application of enemas containing saline or mesalazine at 1.0 g/kg/day. Colitis was diagnosed by histological analysis and the inflammatory reaction by validated score. Acidic mucins and neutral mucins were determined with the alcian-blue and periodic acid of Schiff techniques, respectively. Sulfomucin and sialomucin were identified by high iron diamine-alcian blue technique. The tissue contents of mucins were quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the results establishing the level of significance of 5%. Results: Enemas with mesalazine in colonic segments without fecal stream decreased the inflammation score and increased the tissue content of all subtypes of mucins. The increase of tissue content of neutral, acid and sulfomucin was related to the time of intervention. Conclusion: Mesalazine enemas reduce the inflammatory process and preserve the content of mucins in colonic mucosa devoid of fecal stream.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Colon/drug effects , Mesalamine/pharmacology , Enema/methods , Mucins/analysis , Time Factors , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Gastrointestinal Transit , Colostomy , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Rats, Wistar , Colitis/pathology , Colitis/prevention & control , Colon/metabolism , Colon/pathology , Oxidative Stress , Mesalamine/therapeutic use , Feces , Histocytochemistry , Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects , Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Mucins/drug effects
6.
Infectio ; 22(2): 64-69, abr.-jun. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-892755

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la utilidad del lactato en líquido cefalorraquídeo como biomarcador de meningitis bacteriana en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación en el año 2014. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal para la evaluación de una prueba diagnóstica, conformado por 103 pacientes con sospecha clínica de meningitis bacteriana y a los cuales se les solicitó: lactato, citoquímico y cultivo bacteriano en líquido cefalorraquídeo durante el año 2014. La meningitis fue clasificada como confirmada, compatible y descartada. Resultado: Se incluyeron 103 pacientes, de los cuales el 69% eran hombres. La edad promedio fue de 37 años (DS ± 22). La concentración de lactato en líquido cefalorraquídeo fue mayor en los pacientes con meningitis bacteriana confirmada que en aquellos con descartada (p < 0,001). Con un punto de corte de 4,0 mmol/L, se obtuvo una sensibilidad de 91% (95% IC 81-100%) y una especificidad de 92% (95% IC 84-99%). Discusión: Se obtuvo una alta sensibilidad y especificidad comparable con estudios previos, mostrando que el lactato en líquido cefalorraquídeo tiene un importante poder discriminatorio para meningitis bacteriana. Conclusiones: El lactato en líquido cefalorraquídeo es un biomarcador rápido, sensible y específico para el diagnóstico de meningitis bacteriana al usar 4,0 mmol/L como valor discriminante.


Objective: To determine the usefulness of lactate in cerebrospinal fluid as a biomarker of bacterial meningitis in patients treated at the Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación in 2014. Material and method: Retrospective cross-sectional study for the evaluation of a diagnostic test, conformed by 103 patients with clinical suspicion of bacterial meningitis and who were asked for lactate, cytochemistry and bacterial culture in cerebrospinal fluid during 2014. Meningitis was classified as confirmed, compatible and discarded. Results: A total of 103 patients were included, of whom 69% were men. The average age was 37 years (DS ± 22). The concentration of lactate in cerebrospinal fluid was higher in patients with confirmed bacterial meningitis than in those with discarded (p < 0.001). With a cut-off point of 4,0 mmol/L, a sensitivity of 91% was obtained (95% CI 81-100%) and a specificity of 92% (95% CI 84-99%). Discussion: A high sensitivity and specificity was obtained comparable with previous studies, showing that the lactate in cerebrospinal fluid has an important discriminatory power for bacterial meningitis. Conclusions: Lactate in cerebrospinal fluid is a fast, sensitive and specific biomarker for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis using 4.0 mmol/L as discriminant value.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Biomarkers , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Lactic Acid , Retrospective Studies , Meningitis, Bacterial , Histocytochemistry , Meningitis , Neurosurgery
7.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(3): 667-675, jun. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-846916

ABSTRACT

A criação de serpentes peçonhentas em cativeiro vem se tornando prática cada vez mais difundida no país. Dessa forma, o conhecimento do manejo e da clínica de serpentes se torna prioritário, a fim de permitir maior sobrevida dos animais. No que concerne a serpentes peçonhentas, dados hematológicos já foram descritos na literatura, no entanto, apesar dos recursos utilizados, os dados analisados ainda são insipientes. Com o objetivo de caracterizar, morfologicamente, as células sanguíneas e de esclarecer diferenças morfológicas e funcionais, foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 50 serpentes pertencentes ao plantel do Instituto Vital Brasil. Foram confeccionados e analisados por microscopia óptica e citoquimicamente os esfregaços sanguíneos corados por métodos de Romanowsky e citoquímicos. Foi possível diferenciar as células, caracterizar e confirmar a existência de eosinófilo em B. atrox e C. durissus. Concluiu-se que a caracterização celular pode fornecer evidências indispensáveis ao entendimento da fisiologia de serpentes.(AU)


Breeding of venomous snakes in captivity is becoming increasingly widespread in the country, so clinical and management knowledge on these animals has become priority to increase survival of animals. Regarding venomous snakes, hematological data have been described in some studies; however, despite the resources used, data analyzed are still unrecognized. Aiming to characterize morphology of blood cells and clarify morphological and functional differences, blood samples were collected from 50 snakes belonging to the Instituto Vital Brazil squad. Blood smears were prepared and analyzed by optical microscopy and cytochemistrically, stained by Romanowsky and cytochemical methods. Cell differentiation was possible as well as characterization and confirmation of eosinophil in B. atrox and C. durissus. In conclusion, cell characterization can provide vital evidence to the understanding of the physiology of snakes.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Bothrops/blood , Crotalus/blood , Eosinophils , Blood Chemical Analysis/veterinary , Histocytochemistry/veterinary , Snakes/blood
8.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 48(2): 218-224, April.-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839380

ABSTRACT

Abstract The severity of Helicobacter pylori-related disease is correlated with the presence and integrity of a cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI). cagPAI genotype may have a modifying effect on the pathogenic potential of the infecting strain. After analyzing the sequences of cagPAI genes, some strains with the East Asian-type cagPAI genes were selected for further analysis to examine the association between the diversity of the cagPAI genes and the virulence of H. pylori. The results showed that gastric mucosal inflammatory cell infiltration was significantly higher in patients with East Asian-type cagPAI genes H. pylori strain compared with mosaicism cagPAI genes H. pylori strain (p < 0.05). H. pylori strains with the East Asian-type cagPAI genes were closely associated with IL-8 secretion in vitro and in vivo compared with H. pylori strains with the mosaicism cagPAI genes (p < 0.01). H. pylori strains with East Asian-type cagPAI genes are able to strongly translocate CagA to host cells. These results suggest that H. pylori strains with East Asian-type cagPAI genes are more virulent than the strains of cagPAI gene/genes that are Western type.


Subject(s)
Humans , Helicobacter pylori/classification , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Helicobacter Infections/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/pathology , Genomic Islands , Genotype , Phylogeny , Virulence , Cluster Analysis , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Virulence Factors/genetics , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Histocytochemistry , Microscopy
9.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 48(2): 366-372, April.-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839381

ABSTRACT

Abstract Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) was investigated in the central nervous system of cattle with neurological syndrome. Two-hundred-ninety samples were analyzed by histology, and molecular methods to detect ovine herpesvirus type 2 (OvHV-2) were optimized and validated. The qualitative polymerase chain reaction (qualitative PCR) analytical sensitivity was 101 DNA copies/µL and found 4.8% (14/290) positive for OvHV-2. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analytical sensitivity was 100 DNA copy/µL and 5.9% (17/290) positivity, with 47.1% (8/17) of the positive samples presenting histological evidence of non-purulent meningo-encephalitis. The qualitative PCR products (422 bp of the ORF75 region) were sequenced and submitted to phylogenetic analysis. Identity matrices showed 100% similarity in OvHV-2 samples obtained in this study and those recovered from GenBank, corroborating other studies.


Subject(s)
Animals , Phylogeny , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods , Herpesviridae/isolation & purification , Malignant Catarrh/diagnosis , Malignant Catarrh/pathology , Brazil , Cattle , Cluster Analysis , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sequence Homology , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Genotype , Herpesviridae/classification , Herpesviridae/genetics , Histocytochemistry , Microscopy
10.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 48(2): 208-210, April.-June 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-839387

ABSTRACT

Abstract This communication reports the second known case of oral phaeohyphomycosis in a patient with squamocellular carcinoma of the lip. The patient, an 82-year-old black woman, a former smoker (for more than 30 years), suffering from an ulcerous vegetative lesion in the middle third of the lower lip for approximately 12 months. The result of the histopathological analysis indicated carcinoma, with well-differentiated keratinized squamous cells and the presence of septate mycelial filaments. In the direct mycological examination, thick and dematiaceous septate mycelial filaments were observed. After the resection surgery, the patient did not need to use an antifungal drug to treat the phaeohyphomycosis, and no follow-up radiotherapy was needed to treat the squamocellular carcinoma. We stress that the presence of the squamocellular lesion of the lip was a possible contributing factor to the infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Lip Neoplasms/complications , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/complications , Phaeohyphomycosis/diagnosis , Phaeohyphomycosis/pathology , Lip/pathology , Brazil , Lip Neoplasms/surgery , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Microbiological Techniques , Treatment Outcome , Phaeohyphomycosis/surgery , Histocytochemistry , Lip/surgery , Microscopy
11.
Journal of the Korean Balance Society ; : 39-46, 2017.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-761240

ABSTRACT

Ménière's disease is a poorly understood disorder of the inner ear characterized by intermittent episodic vertigo, fluctuating hearing loss, ear fullness and tinnitus. In this paper, we present a review of the histopathology, cytochemistry, gene, blood-labyrinthine barrier and imaging of Ménière's disease. Histopathology is significant for neuroepithelial damage with hair cell loss, basement membrane thickening, perivascular damage and microvascular damage. Cytochemical alterations are significant for altered AQP4 and AQP6 expression in the supporting cell, and altered cochlin and mitochondrial protein expression. Since the discovery of aquaporin water channels (AQP1, AQP2, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, AQP6, AQP7 and AQP9), it has become clear that these channels play a crucial role in inner ear fluid homeostasis. Several gene studies related to Ménière's disease have been published, but there is no clear evidence that Ménière's disease is associated with a special gene. Currently, imaging techniques to determine the extent and presence of endolymphatic hydrops are being studied, and further studies are needed to correlate the visualization of the endolymphatic hydrops with clinical symptoms.


Subject(s)
Aquaporins , Basement Membrane , Ear , Ear, Inner , Endolymphatic Hydrops , Hair , Hearing Loss , Histocytochemistry , Homeostasis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Meniere Disease , Mitochondrial Proteins , Tinnitus , Vertigo
12.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(4): 1455-1460, Dec. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840908

ABSTRACT

The histology and histochemistry of the adrenal gland of the African giant rat, AGR (Cricetomys gambianus Waterhouse) was carried out using ten adult male rats with the knowledge of providing information which could be helpful in an improved knowledge of the structure and function of the gland. The adrenal gland of the African giant rat has a distinct cortex and medulla surrounded by a thin rim of capsule. The adrenal cortex has three zones which are basically the zona glomerulosa, zona fasiculata and zona reticularis with the absence of zona intermedia. The zona glomerulosa contains polyhedral cells which form irregular clusters or cords while the zona fasiculata had radial cells of cuboidal or polyhedral shape. The cells of zona reticularis are similar to those of the zona fasiculata and in addition contain small cells as irregular cords and clusters. The cells of the adrenal medulla are composed of irregular epithelioid cells arranged in rounded groups or short cords and are mostly columnar or polyhedral chromaffin cells which are separated by sinusoids. The adrenal capsule, cortex and medulla were Periodic Acid-Schiff-positive.The adrenal capsule and adrenal medulla was Masson Trichrome-positive unlike the zona fasiculata and zona reticularis. The adrenal capsule and zona glomerulosa were Verhoeff-positive unlike the other zones of the gland. In conclusion the histology of the adrenal gland of the AGR is similar to those of other mammals with a few exceptions, the entire gland is rich in carbohydrate while the capsule and by extension, the outermost portion of the cortex are rich in collagen and elastic fibers. The outcome of this research provides information needed in the better improved understanding of the structure and function of the adrenal gland of the animal.


La histología y la histoquímica de la glándula suprarrenal de la rata africana gigante (Cricetomys gambianus Waterhouse) (RGA) se llevó a cabo utilizando diez ratas macho adultas con el objetivo de proporcionar información que podría ser útil para un mejor conocimiento de la estructura y función de la glándula. La glándula suprarrenal de la rata africana gigante tiene una corteza y una médula distintas, rodeadas por un borde delgado de la cápsula. La corteza suprarrenal tiene tres zonas que son básicamente: zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata y zona reticular, con ausencia de zona intermedia. La zona glomerulosa contiene células poliédricas que forman racimos irregulares o cuerdas, mientras que la zona fasciculata tenía células radiales de forma cuboidal o poliédrica. Las células de la zona reticular son similares a las de la zona fasciculata y además contienen células pequeñas como cordones irregulares y racimos. Las células de la médula suprarrenal están compuestas por células epitelioides irregulares dispuestas en grupos redondeados o cuerdas cortas y son en su mayoría células cromafines columnares o poliédricas, que están separadas por sinusoides. La cápsula suprarrenal y la médula suprarrenal fueron positivas con tricrómico de Masson, a diferencia de la zona fasciculata y la zona reticular. La cápsula suprarrenal y la zona glomerulosa fueron positivas a Verhoeff, a diferencia de las otras zonas de la glándula. En conclusión, la histología de la glándula suprarrenal de la RGA es similar a la de otros mamíferos con algunas excepciones; toda la glándula es rica en carbohidratos, mientras que la cápsula y por extensión, la parte más externa de la corteza, son ricas en colágeno y fibras elásticas. El resultado de esta investigación proporciona información necesaria para mejorar la comprensión de la estructura y función de la glándula suprarrenal del animal.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Adrenal Glands/anatomy & histology , Rodentia/anatomy & histology , Adrenal Glands/metabolism , Histocytochemistry
13.
Rev. biol. trop ; 64(2): 849-858, abr.-jun. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-843318

ABSTRACT

ResumenLas técnicas histoquímicas hoy en día permiten seleccionar áreas de tejido y generar información confiable sobre la distribución de reservas energéticas en los moluscos bivalvos durante su ciclo de vida. Mensualmente se examinaron las gónadas y la glándula digestiva (GD) de 15 individuos recolectados entre abril 2012 y febrero 2013 por técnicas histológicas e histoquímicas de microscopia de luz, para relacionar el ciclo gametogénico y la disponibilidad de reservas energéticas con los parámetros ambientales. En el ciclo gametogénico, la proporción mensual de organismos maduros fue mayor en los machos entre agosto (40 %) y noviembre (53 %), mientras que las hembras tienden a presentar un ciclo más corto y sincronizado de liberación de gametos (septiembre 67 % y octubre 60 %). Los períodos intensos de desoves coinciden en ambos sexos (octubre-enero). Entre abril-agosto 2012 y enero-febrero 2013, se observan los valores más altos del IGl (índice de glúcido), mientras que en septiembre disminuyen y alcanzaron valores mínimos entre octubre y diciembre. El IL (índice de lípidos) presentó valores máximos en abril-2012 y febrero-2013, con un valor intermedio en agosto. Los resultados indican que las reservas de la GD presentan un patrón de movilización en relación inversa con la proliferación de los gametos de ambos sexos, vinculado directamente con la disponibilidad de nutrientes como la clorofila a y el seston orgánico.


AbstractHistochemical techniques today allow you to select areas of tissue and generate reliable information on the distribution of energy reserves in bivalve molluscs during their life cycle. The main objective of this study was to describe and relate the gametogenic cycle with the availability of energy reserves and the environmental parameters. For this, we sampled and examined the gonads and digestive glands (DG) of 15 individuals collected monthly during April 2012 and February 2013. We processed and analyzed the samples by standard histological and histochemical light microscopy techniques. Our results showed that for the gametogenic cycle, the monthly proportion of mature organisms was higher for males, between August (40 %) and November (53 %), while the females tend to have a shorter synchronized cycle and release of gametes in September (67 %) and October (60 %). The intense spawning periods in both sexes was the same (October to January). Between the periods April-August 2012 and January-February 2013, we observed the highest values of IGl and glucide index (instead, a decrease was observed in September, reaching minimum values during the period October-December). Besides, the maximum values of IL, lipid index, were observed in April-2012 and February-2013, with an intermediate value in August-2013. The results indicated that the reserves of the GD have a pattern of mobilization inversely related to the proliferation of gametes in both sexes; this was directly linked to the availability of nutrients such as chlorophyll a and the organic seston. Rev. Biol. Trop. 64 (2): 849-858. Epub 2016 June 01.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Digestive System/cytology , Pinctada/embryology , Gonads/chemistry , Seasons , Venezuela , Digestive System/chemistry , Pinctada/chemistry , Histocytochemistry
14.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 47(1): 251-258, Jan.-Mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-775122

ABSTRACT

Abstract Dengue is a major worldwide public health problem, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Primary infection with a single Dengue virus serotype causes a mild, self-limiting febrile illness called dengue fever. However, a subset of patients who experience secondary infection with a different serotype can progress to a more severe form of the disease, called dengue hemorrhagic fever. The four Dengue virus serotypes (1–4) are antigenically and genetically distinct and each serotype is composed of multiple genotypes. In this study we isolated one Dengue virus 1 serotype, named BR/Alfenas/2012, from a patient with dengue hemorrhagic fever in Alfenas, South Minas Gerais, Brazil and molecular identification was performed based on the analysis of NS5 gene. Swiss mice were infected with this isolate to verify its potential to induce histopathological alterations characteristic of dengue. Liver histopathological analysis of infected animals showed the presence of inflammatory infiltrates, hepatic steatosis, as well as edema, hemorrhage and necrosis focal points. Phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses based on the envelope gene provided evidence that the isolate BR/Alfenas/2012 belongs to genotype V, lineage I and it is probably derived from isolates of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The isolate BR/Alfenas/2012 showed two unique amino acids substitutions (SER222THRE and PHE306SER) when compared to other Brazilian isolates from the same genotype/lineage. Molecular models were generated for the envelope protein indicating that the amino acid alteration PHE 306 SER could contribute to a different folding in this region located within the domain III. Further genetic and animal model studies using BR/Alfenas/2012 and other isolates belonging to the same lineage/genotype could help determine the relation of these genetic alterations and dengue hemorrhagic fever in a susceptible population.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Dengue Virus/classification , Dengue Virus/genetics , Dengue/virology , Genetic Variation , Genotype , Phylogeny , Amino Acid Substitution , Animal Structures/pathology , Brazil , Disease Models, Animal , Dengue Virus/isolation & purification , Gene Products, env/chemistry , Gene Products, env/genetics , Histocytochemistry , Microscopy , Models, Molecular , Point Mutation , Protein Conformation , Viral Nonstructural Proteins/genetics
15.
Rev. biol. trop ; 64(1): 327-340, ene.-mar. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-843281

ABSTRACT

AbstractThe Neotropical catfish Corydoras paleatus is a facultative air-breather and the caudal half of the intestine is involved in gas exchange. In South America, air-breathing fishes are found in tropical or sub-tropical freshwaters where the probability of hypoxia is high. The aim of this study was to characterize by traditional histochemical and lectinhistochemical methods the pattern of carbohydrate in the intestinal mucosa. Intestine samples were taken from 25 healthy adult specimens collected in Buenos Aires (Argentina). Samples were fixed by immersion in 10 % buffered formalin and routinely processed and embedded in paraffin wax. Subsequently, these sections were incubated in the biotinylated lectins battery. Labeled Streptavidin-Biotin (LSAB) system was used for detection, diaminobenzidine as chromogen and haematoxylin as a contrast. To locate and distinguish glycoconjugates (GCs) of the globet cells, we used the following histochemical methods: PAS; PAS*S; KOH/ PA*S; PA/Bh/KOH/PAS; KOH/PA*/Bh/PAS; Alcian Blue and Toluidine Blue at different pHs. Microscopically, the general structure of vertebrate intestine was observed and showed all the cell types characteristic of the intestinal epithelium. The cranial sector of catfish intestine is a site of digestion and absorption and its structure is similar to other fish groups. In contrast, enterocytes of the caudal portion are low cuboidal cells; and between these, globet cells and capillaries are observed, these latter may reach the mucosal lumen. Underlying the epithelium, observed a well-developed lamina propria-submucosa made of connective tissue; this layer was highly vascularized and did not exhibit glands. According to histochemistry, the diverse GCs elaborated and secreted in the intestine are associated with specific functions in relation to their physiological significance, with special reference to their role in lubrication, buffering effect and prevention of proteolytic damage to the epithelium together with other biological processes, such as osmoregulation and ion exchange. The lectinhistochemical analysis of the intestinal mucosa reveals the presence of terminal residues of glucose, mannose and galactose. In conclusion, this study has shown that GCs synthesized in the intestine of C. paleatus exhibit a high level of histochemical complexity and that the lectin binding pattern of the intestinal mucosa is characteristic of each species and the variations are related with the multiple functions performed by the mucus in the digestive tract. The information generated here may be a relevant biological tool for comparing and analyzing the possible glycosidic changes in the intestinal mucus under different conditions, such as changes in diet or different pathological stages. Rev. Biol. Trop. 64 (1): 327-340. Epub 2016 March 01.


ResumenEl pez neotropical Corydoras paleatus, de respiración aérea de tipo facultativa, utiliza el sector caudal del intestino para el intercambio gaseoso. En América del Sur, los peces con respiración aérea se encuentran en las aguas dulceacuícolas tropicales y subtropicales, donde la probabilidad de hipoxia es alta. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar mediante técnicas histoquímicas tradicionales y de lectinhistoquímica el patrón de carbohidratos de la mucosa intestinal. Para ello se utilizaron muestras de intestino de 25 ejemplares sanos adultos recolectados en la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina). Las muestras fueron fijadas en formol amortiguado al 10 % y se procesaron para su inclusión en parafina. Posteriormente, los cortes fueron incubados con una batería de lectinas biotiniladas. Se utilizó el sistema de marcado con estreptavidina-biotina (LSAB) para su detección, diaminobencidina como cromógeno y hematoxilina como colorante de contraste. Para localizar y diferenciar los glicoconjugados (GCs) de las células caliciformes, se utilizaron las siguientes técnicas histoquímicas: PAS, PAS*S, PAPS, KOH/PA*S, PA/Bh/KOH/PAS, KOH/PA*/Bh/PAS, Azul Alcian y Azul de Toluidina a diferentes pHs. Microscópicamente, se observa la estructura general del intestino de los vertebrados y el epitelio intestinal presenta todos los tipos celulares característicos de esta región. El sector craneal del intestino de este teleósteo, es el sitio de digestión y absorción, y posee una estructura similar a la de otros grupos de peces. En cambio, los enterocitos de la porción caudal, son células cúbicas bajas, entre ellos se observan células caliciformes y capilares sanguíneas que llegan hasta el lumen de la mucosa. Por fuera del epitelio, se observa una lámina propia-submucosa muy desarrollada compuesta por tejido conectivo, altamente vascularizada que no presenta glándulas. De acuerdo con las técnicas histoquímicas, los diversos GCs elaborados y secretados por la mucosa intestinal se encuentran asociados con funciones específicas de importancia fisiológica, como su rol en la lubricación, su efecto amortiguador y la prevención de daños proteolíticos del epitelio junto con otros procesos biológicos, tales como la osmorregulación y el intercambio iónico. El análisis lectinhistoquímico de la mucosa intestinal revela la presencia de residuos terminales de glucosa, manosa y galactosa. En conclusión, en este estudio se demuestra que los GCs sintetizados en el intestino de C. paleatus muestran un alto nivel de complejidad histoquímica y que el patrón de unión de lectina de la mucosa intestinal es característico para cada especie y las variaciones se hallan relacionadas con las múltiples funciones realizadas por el mucus en el tracto digestivo. La información brindada en este trabajo es una herramienta de relevancia biológica para comparar y analizar los posibles cambios glicosídicos del mucus intestinal bajo diferentes condiciones como los cambios en la dieta o diferentes estados patológicos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Catfishes/classification , Glycoconjugates/analysis , Intestines/chemistry , Histocytochemistry , Intestinal Mucosa/cytology , Intestinal Mucosa/chemistry , Intestines/cytology
16.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(4): 1393-1400, Dec. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-772328

ABSTRACT

Spodoptera frugiperda is a polyphagous insect that causes economic losses to several crops in Brazil and is the major obstacle to corn production. Researches focusing on alternative control, e.g. botanical products are expanding to offer a wide variety of molecules that interfere with different biological parameters of insect pests. Thus, this study tested the hypothesis that clove essential oil affects the spermatogenesis, ovarioles histochemistry and the fertility of S. frugiperda. The results showed that clove essential oil affects the gametogenesis of S. frugiperda ovarioles, reflecting negatively on its reproduction, proving to be a promising tool for controlling this pest.


Spodoptera frugiperda es un insecto polífago que causa pérdidas económicas a varias cosechas en Brasil y es el mayor obstáculo para la producción de maíz. Este estudio está centrado en el control alternativo, con productos botánicos que se están expandiendo y ofrecen una amplia variedad de moléculas que interfieren con diferentes parámetros biológicos de plagas de insectos. Por tanto, se puso a prueba la hipótesis de que el aceite esencial de clavo de olor afecta la espermatogénesis. La histoquímica de los ovarioles y la fertilidad de S. frugiperda. Los resultados mostraron que el aceite esencial de clavo de olor afecta la gametogénesis de los ovarioles en S. frugiperda, lo que incide negativamente en su reproducción, demostrando ser una herramienta prometedora para el control de esta plaga.


Subject(s)
Animals , Genitalia/drug effects , Gonads/drug effects , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Spodoptera , Syzygium/chemistry , Biological Assay , Genitalia/pathology , Gonads/pathology , Histocytochemistry , Pest Control, Biological
17.
Arch. pediatr. Urug ; 86(3): 176-186, set. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-763416

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el diagnóstico y el tratamiento temprano del síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) es importante para reducir la morbimortalidad de la enfermedad, por lo cual es capital conocer las manifestaciones clínicas iniciales y el rendimiento de las pruebas diagnósticas. Objetivos: describir las características de los pacientes menores de 15 años hospitalizados por SGB en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell entre el 1 de enero de 2000 al 31 de diciembre de 2011. Método: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, en base a revisión de historias clínicas. Resultados: se incluyeron 82 pacientes, 52 eran de sexo masculino. La mediana de edad fue de 6 años. 59 pacientes requirieron internación en unidad de cuidados intensivos. El síntoma más frecuente fue la paresia de miembros inferiores (80 pacientes), seguido del dolor en miembros inferiores (64 pacientes). El 29% de nuestra serie se presentó clínicamente como variantes atípicas de SGB. La mitad de los pacientes presentó un Hughes 4 en el nadir de la enfermedad. A 77 pacientes se les realizó estudio del líquido cefalorraquídeo, reiterándose en 17 pacientes, mostrando disociación albúmino citológica en 19/53 (36%) de los estudios realizados en los primeros 7 días de evolución, y en 39/41 (95%) de los estudios realizados luego de los 7 días. Conclusiones: se destacan las diversas manifestaciones clínicas del SGB y la baja sensibilidad del estudio del líquido cefalorraquídeo en la primera semana de evolución.


Introduction: early diagnosis and treatment of Guillain-Barré is important to reduce morbimortality of the condition and thus, it is essential to learn about initial clinical presentations and the yield of diagnostic tests. Objectives: to describe the characteristics of patients under 15 years of age who were hospitalized due to Guillain-Barré syndrome at the Pereira Rossell Hospital Center from January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2011. Method: descriptive, retrospective study based on a review of the clinical records. Results: eighty two patients were included, 52 of them were male. Fifty nine patients required to be admitted to the intensive care unit. The most frequent symptom was paresia of the lower limbs (80 patients), followed by pain in the lower limbs (64 patients). Twenty nine percent of our series evidenced clinical presentations that were not typical of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Half of the patients presented disease severity at nadir grade 4 by Hughes. Seventy seven patients underwent a study of the spinal fluid, and this was repeated in 17 patients, what showed albuminocytologic dissociation in 19 out of 53 (36%) of the tests performed in the first seven days of evolution, and in 39 out of 41 (95%) of the tests performed after seven days. Conclusions: we point out the diverse clinical presentations of the Guillain-Barré syndrome and the low sensitivity of the spinal fluid in the first week of evolution.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis , Uruguay , Medical Records , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Electrophysiology , Histocytochemistry
18.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 46(2): 389-395, Apr-Jun/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-749734

ABSTRACT

To investigate the effects of Kluyveromyces marxianus M3 isolated from Tibetan mushrooms on diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats, female Wistar rats were fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for 28 d to generate hyperlipidemic models. Hyperlipidemic rats were assigned to four groups, which were individually treated with three different dosages of K. marxianus M3+HCD or physiological saline+HCD via oral gavage for 28 d. The total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in the serum and liver of the rats were measured using commercially available enzyme kits. In addition, the liver morphology was also examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining and optical microscopy. According to our results, the serum and liver TC, TG, LDL-C levels and atherogenic index (AI) were significantly decreased in rats orally administered K. marxianus M3 (p <0.01), and the HDL-C levels and anti atherogenic index (AAI) were significantly increased (p <0.01) compared to the control group. Moreover, K. marxianus M3 treatment also reduced the build-up of lipid droplets in the liver and exhibited normal hepatocytes, suggesting a protective effect of K. marxianus M3 in hyperlipidemic rats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Biological Therapy/methods , Cholesterol/analysis , Diet/methods , Hypercholesterolemia/therapy , Kluyveromyces/growth & development , Kluyveromyces/metabolism , Agaricales , Histocytochemistry , Kluyveromyces/isolation & purification , Liver/chemistry , Liver/pathology , Microscopy , Rats, Wistar , Serum/chemistry
19.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 51-58, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-130568

ABSTRACT

Toxocariasis is a soil-transmitted helminthozoonosis due to infection of humans by larvae of Toxocara canis. The disease could produce cognitive and behavioral disturbances especially in children. Meanwhile, in our modern era, the incidence of immunosuppression has been progressively increasing due to increased incidence of malignancy as well as increased use of immunosuppressive agents. The present study aimed at comparing some of the pathological and immunological alterations in the brain of normal and immunosuppressed mice experimentally infected with T. canis. Therefore, 180 Swiss albino mice were divided into 4 groups including normal (control) group, immunocompetent T. canis-infected group, immunosuppressed group (control), and immunosuppressed infected group. Infected mice were subjected to larval counts in the brain, and the brains from all mice were assessed for histopathological changes, astrogliosis, and IL-5 mRNA expression levels in brain tissues. The results showed that under immunosuppression, there were significant increase in brain larval counts, significant enhancement of reactive gliosis, and significant reduction in IL-5 mRNA expression. All these changes were maximal in the chronic stage of infection. In conclusion, the immunopathological alterations in the brains of infected animals were progressive over time, and were exaggerated under the effect of immunosuppression as did the intensity of cerebral infection.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Brain/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Gene Expression Profiling , Histocytochemistry , Immunocompromised Host , Immunohistochemistry , Interleukin-5/genetics , Parasite Load , Toxocara canis/immunology , Toxocariasis/immunology
20.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 51-58, 2015.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-130561

ABSTRACT

Toxocariasis is a soil-transmitted helminthozoonosis due to infection of humans by larvae of Toxocara canis. The disease could produce cognitive and behavioral disturbances especially in children. Meanwhile, in our modern era, the incidence of immunosuppression has been progressively increasing due to increased incidence of malignancy as well as increased use of immunosuppressive agents. The present study aimed at comparing some of the pathological and immunological alterations in the brain of normal and immunosuppressed mice experimentally infected with T. canis. Therefore, 180 Swiss albino mice were divided into 4 groups including normal (control) group, immunocompetent T. canis-infected group, immunosuppressed group (control), and immunosuppressed infected group. Infected mice were subjected to larval counts in the brain, and the brains from all mice were assessed for histopathological changes, astrogliosis, and IL-5 mRNA expression levels in brain tissues. The results showed that under immunosuppression, there were significant increase in brain larval counts, significant enhancement of reactive gliosis, and significant reduction in IL-5 mRNA expression. All these changes were maximal in the chronic stage of infection. In conclusion, the immunopathological alterations in the brains of infected animals were progressive over time, and were exaggerated under the effect of immunosuppression as did the intensity of cerebral infection.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Brain/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Gene Expression Profiling , Histocytochemistry , Immunocompromised Host , Immunohistochemistry , Interleukin-5/genetics , Parasite Load , Toxocara canis/immunology , Toxocariasis/immunology
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